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Path With Minimum Effort

You are a hiker preparing for an upcoming hike. You are given heights, a 2D array of size rows x columns, where heights[row][col] represents the height of cell (row, col). You are situated in the top-left cell, (0, 0), and you hope to travel to the bottom-right cell, (rows-1, columns-1) (i.e., 0-indexed). You can move up, down, left, or right, and you wish to find a route that requires the minimum effort.


A route's effort is the maximum absolute difference in heights between two consecutive cells of the route.

Return the minimum effort required to travel from the top-left cell to the bottom-right cell.


Example 1:


Input: heights = [[1,2,2],[3,8,2],[5,3,5]]
Output: 2
Explanation: The route of [1,3,5,3,5] has a maximum absolute difference of 2 in consecutive cells.
This is better than the route of [1,2,2,2,5], where the maximum absolute difference is 3.

Example 2:


Input: heights = [[1,2,3],[3,8,4],[5,3,5]]
Output: 1
Explanation: The route of [1,2,3,4,5] has a maximum absolute difference of 1 in consecutive cells, which is better than route [1,3,5,3,5].

Example 3:

Input: heights = [[1,2,1,1,1],[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1],[1,1,1,2,1]]
Output: 0
Explanation: This route does not require any effort.

Constraints:

  • rows == heights.length

  • columns == heights[i].length

  • 1 <= rows, columns <= 100

  • 1 <= heights[i][j] <= 106

Solution:


class Solution {
    int m,n;
    public int minimumEffortPath(int[][] heights) {
        m = heights.length;
        n = heights[0].length;
        int[][] cost = new int[m][n];
        
        for(int[] c: cost){
            Arrays.fill(c, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        }
        
        PriorityQueue<int[]> pq = new PriorityQueue<>((a,b) -> a[2] - b[2]);
        
        pq.offer(new int[]{0,0,0});
        
        int[][] dir = new int[][]{{0,1},{1,0},{-1,0},{0,-1}};
        
        boolean[][] visited = new boolean[m][n];
        visited[0][0] = true;
        
        int maxSoFar = 0;
        while(!pq.isEmpty()){
            int[] curr = pq.poll();
            
            visited[curr[0]][curr[1]] = true;
            
            if(curr[0] == m-1 && curr[1] == n-1){
                return curr[2];
            }
                    
            for(int i=0; i<dir.length; i++){
                int x = curr[0] + dir[i][0];
                int y = curr[1] + dir[i][1];
                int currCos = curr[2];
                
                if(x>=0 && x<m && y>=0 && y<n && !visited[x][y]) {
                    int diff = Math.abs(heights[x][y] - heights[curr[0]][curr[1]]);
                    int maxDiff = Math.max(diff, currCos);
         
                    if( maxDiff < cost[x][y]) {
                        cost[x][y] = maxDiff;
                        pq.offer(new int[]{x,y,cost[x][y]});
                    }
                }
                
            }
        }
        return cost[m-1][n-1];
        
      //  O(mnlogn(mn))
    }
}

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